Tibero 접속 및 관리

 

TiberoStudio2_20230428_win32.win32.x86_64.zip 파일을 받아서 설치를 한다

 

설치된 파일네에 TiberoStudio.ini 수정하여 DBA기능 설정을 활성화 한다

-isDBA=true

 

 

#티베로 인스턴스 확인

ps -ef | grep tbsvr

ps -ef | grep tblistener

 

tbsvr_FGWP000 tbsvr_FGWP001 2개만 유지 다르면 비정상

-워크쓰레드 10개 + 10개 20개 유지

 

tbsvr - 모니터 프로세서

 

tbsvr_MGWP - 관리자접속용 (10개 워크쓰레드)

 

tbsvr_FGWP000  - 워크쓰레드 사용

 

 

1. 리스너포트로 접속

 

[tibero@T1:/t]$ tbsql sys/tibero

 

tbSQL 7

 

TmaxTibero Corporation Copyright (c) 2020-. All rights reserved.

 

Connected to Tibero.

 

SQL>

 

 

[tibero@T1:/t]$ tbsql sys/tibero

 

tbSQL 7

 

TmaxTibero Corporation Copyright (c) 2020-. All rights reserved.

 

Connected to Tibero.

 

SQL> select COUNT(*) from v$session;

 

  COUNT(*)

----------

         2

 

1 row selected.

 

 

 

tcp        0      0 192.168.56.241:8629     192.168.56.1:50629      ESTABLISHED 2145/tbsvr_FGWP000

 

 

2. 스페셜포트로 접속하기

 

2. 최대값(20개)의 접속을 만듬

~ 반복수행

TmaxTibero Corporation Copyright (c) 2020-. All rights reserved.

 

TBR-12003: Unable to open a session.

 

SQL> !tbsql sys/tibero

 

tbSQL 7

 

TmaxTibero Corporation Copyright (c) 2020-. All rights reserved.

 

TBR-12003: Unable to open a session.

 

SQL> !tbsql sys/tibero

 

tbSQL 7

 

TmaxTibero Corporation Copyright (c) 2020-. All rights reserved.

 

TBR-12003: Unable to open a session.

 

select COUNT(*) from v$session; 

20개

 

3. 접속 정보 (스페셜포트) 추가  - tbdsn.tbr 파일

  -> $TB_HOME/client/config/tbdsn.tbr

 

[tibero@T1:/tibero/tibero7/client/config]$

[tibero@T1:/tibero/tibero7/client/config]$ cat tbdsn.tbr

#-------------------------------------------------

# /tibero/tibero7/client/config/tbdsn.tbr

# Network Configuration File.

# Generated by gen_tip.sh at Tue Apr 25 10:10:35 KST 2023

tibero=(

    (INSTANCE=(HOST=localhost)

              (PORT=8629)

              (DB_NAME=tibero)

    )

)

tibero_s=(

    (INSTANCE=(HOST=localhost)

              (PORT=8630)

              (DB_NAME=tibero)

    )

)

 

 

4. 신규 접속정보(스페셜포트)이용하여 접속하기

- 새로운 putty 터미널에서 진행

- tbsql sys/tibero@tibero - 접속실패

tbsql sys/tibero@tibero

 

tbSQL 7

 

TmaxTibero Corporation Copyright (c) 2020-. All rights reserved.

 

TBR-12003: Unable to open a session.

 

- tbsql sys/tibero@tibero_s 접속 성공

 

[tibero@T1:/tibero/tibero7/client/config]$ tbsql sys/tibero@tibero_s

 

tbSQL 7

 

TmaxTibero Corporation Copyright (c) 2020-. All rights reserved.

 

Connected to Tibero using tibero_s.

 

 

tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:8629            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      2142/tblistener

tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:8630            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      2144/tbsvr_MGWP

 

[tibero@T1:/tibero/tibero7/client/config]$ tbsql sys/tibero@tibero_s

 

tbSQL 7

 

TmaxTibero Corporation Copyright (c) 2020-. All rights reserved.

 

Connected to Tibero using tibero_s.

 

SQL> select count(*) from v$session;

 

  COUNT(*)

----------

        21    -> 20개 기본이고 매니져 접속 1개

 

1 row selected.

 

SQL>

 

 

 

--------------------------------------------------------------

<DB 세션 조회 >

- v$session 사용

- 최대 갯수 vs 현재 갯수 파악이 필요 

 - 여유있게 설정 변경이 필요

 - 최대 갯수 조정- 파라미터 파일 수정) - MAX_SESSION_COUNT 값 수정

 -> SELECT VALUE FROM V$PARAMETERS WHERE NAME='MAX_SESSION_COUNT';

 -> grep MAX_SESSION_COUNT $TB_HOME/config/$TB_SID.tip  -재시작해야 적용

 

[tibero@T1:/tibero/tibero7/client/config]$ cat  $TB_HOME/config/$TB_SID.tip

DB_NAME=tibero

LISTENER_PORT=8629

CONTROL_FILES="/tibero/tbdata/control_1/c1.ctl","/tibero/tbdata/control_2/c2.ctl"

DB_CREATE_FILE_DEST="/tibero/tbdata/data_1"

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST="/tibero/tbdata/arch"

#LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1="location=/tibero/tbdata/arch_1"

 

#CERTIFICATE_FILE="/tibero/tb_wallet/tibero.crt"

#PRIVKEY_FILE="/tibero/tb_wallet/tibero.key"

#WALLET_FILE="/tibero/tb_wallet/WALLET"

#ILOG_MAP="/tibero/tibero7/config/ilog.map"

 

MAX_SESSION_COUNT=20

TOTAL_SHM_SIZE=1G

MEMORY_TARGET=2G

 

### LOG

LOG_DEFAULT_DEST="/tibero/tibero7/instance/tibero/log"

SLOG_TOTAL_SIZE_LIMIT=300M

LSNR_LOG_TOTAL_SIZE_LIMIT=300M

ILOG_TOTAL_SIZE_LIMIT=700M

DBMS_LOG_TOTAL_SIZE_LIMIT=300M

SLOG_FILE_SIZE=100M

LSNR_LOG_FILE_SIZE=10M

ILOG_FILE_SIZE=10M

DBMS_LOG_FILE_SIZE=100M

 

### ETC

GATHER_SQL_PLAN_STAT=Y

NLS_DATE_FORMAT="YYYY/MM/DD HH24:MI:SS"

 

 

 

SELECT * FROM V$PARAMETERS;

 

 

2. 값 크게 조정 (20 --> 40)

$TB_HOME/config/$TB_SID.tip 에서 수정

티베로 인스턴스 종료(tbdown immediate)

시작 : tbboot

 

tibero   17824 17821  0 13:56 pts/2    00:00:00 tbsvr_FGWP000  -t NORMAL -SVR_SID tibero

tibero   17825 17821  0 13:56 pts/2    00:00:00 tbsvr_FGWP001  -t NORMAL -SVR_SID tibero

tibero   17826 17821  0 13:56 pts/2    00:00:00 tbsvr_FGWP002  -t NORMAL -SVR_SID tibero

tibero   17827 17821  0 13:56 pts/2    00:00:00 tbsvr_FGWP003  -t NORMAL -SVR_SID tibero 

4 개로 늘어넘

 

[tibero@T1:/home/tibero]$ grep MAX  $TB_HOME/config/$TB_SID.tip

MAX_SESSION_COUNT=40

 

SQL> SELECT VALUE FROM V$PARAMETERS WHERE NAME='MAX_SESSION_COUNT';

 

VALUE

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

40

 

1 row selected.

 

 

< 모든 세션이 제거된 상태로 만들기 >

 

1. 신규 접속 차단

 - 리스너 프로세서에서 진행 : 리스닝 포트를 제거

 - ALTER SYSTEM LISTENER REMOTE OFF[ON]; 

SQL> ALTER SYSTEM LISTENER REMOTE OFF;

 

System altered.

 

[tibero@T1:/t]$ tbsql sys/tibero

 

tbSQL 7

 

TmaxTibero Corporation Copyright (c) 2020-. All rights reserved.

 

TBR-2131: Generic I/O error.

 

기존접속 확인

-- 자기자신

select * from VT_MYTID;

92

--

전체 세션

select SID, SERIAL# from v$session;

 

 

 

2. 기존 접속 제거

 - 워커스레드에서 진행 : 접속을 끊도록 명령

 - ALTER SYSTEM KILL SESSION( 세션아이디, 세션시리얼번호 );

 

-- 자기자신

select * from VT_MYTID;

92

--

select SID, SERIAL# from v$session;

SQL> select SID, SERIAL# from v$session;

 

       SID    SERIAL#

---------- ----------

        91        198

        92        226

        93       2572

        94       2684

        95       2697

 

5 rows selected.

 

ALTER SYSTEM KILL SESSION( 91, 198 );

ALTER SYSTEM KILL SESSION( 93, 2572 );

ALTER SYSTEM KILL SESSION( 94, 2684 );

ALTER SYSTEM KILL SESSION( 95, 2697 );

 

 

 

안죽을경우 비정상적인 방법

select PID, SID from v$session;

kill -9 PID

다시 안살아남 --> 재기동 해야됨

재기동하면 릿스너 off 한것도 살아남

 

 

릿스너포트 사용자 별로 여러개 운영

 

alter system listener add port 8799;

alter system listener delete port 8799;

 

 

## 포트추가 (정적)

 

 $TB_HOME/config/$TB_SID.tip 수정

 

[tibero@T1:/tibero/tibero7/config]$ cat tibero.tip

DB_NAME=tibero

LISTENER_PORT=8629

CONTROL_FILES="/tibero/tbdata/control_1/c1.ctl","/tibero/tbdata/control_2/c2.ctl"

DB_CREATE_FILE_DEST="/tibero/tbdata/data_1"

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST="/tibero/tbdata/arch"

#LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1="location=/tibero/tbdata/arch_1"

 

#CERTIFICATE_FILE="/tibero/tb_wallet/tibero.crt"

#PRIVKEY_FILE="/tibero/tb_wallet/tibero.key"

#WALLET_FILE="/tibero/tb_wallet/WALLET"

#ILOG_MAP="/tibero/tibero7/config/ilog.map"

 

MAX_SESSION_COUNT=40

TOTAL_SHM_SIZE=1G

MEMORY_TARGET=2G

 

### LOG

LOG_DEFAULT_DEST="/tibero/tibero7/instance/tibero/log"

SLOG_TOTAL_SIZE_LIMIT=300M

LSNR_LOG_TOTAL_SIZE_LIMIT=300M

ILOG_TOTAL_SIZE_LIMIT=700M

DBMS_LOG_TOTAL_SIZE_LIMIT=300M

SLOG_FILE_SIZE=100M

LSNR_LOG_FILE_SIZE=10M

ILOG_FILE_SIZE=10M

DBMS_LOG_FILE_SIZE=100M

 

### ETC

GATHER_SQL_PLAN_STAT=Y

NLS_DATE_FORMAT="YYYY/MM/DD HH24:MI:SS"

 

 

EXTRA_LISTENER_PORTS=8639;8640;

 

적용은 재시작

tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:8629            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      21070/tblistener

 

[tibero@T1:/tibero/tibero7/config]$ netstat -tlpn | grep tblistener

(Not all processes could be identified, non-owned process info

 will not be shown, you would have to be root to see it all.)

tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:8629            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      21070/tblistener

 

[tibero@T1:/tibero/tibero7/config]$ tbdown immediate

 

Tibero instance terminated (IMMEDIATE mode).

 

[tibero@T1:/tibero/tibero7/config]$ tbboot

Change core dump dir to /tibero/tibero7/bin/prof.

Listener port = 8629

 

Tibero 7

 

TmaxTibero Corporation Copyright (c) 2020-. All rights reserved.

Tibero instance started up (NORMAL mode).

[tibero@T1:/tibero/tibero7/config]$ netstat -tlpn | grep tblistener

(Not all processes could be identified, non-owned process info

 will not be shown, you would have to be root to see it all.)

tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:8629            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      24503/tblistener

tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:8639            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      24503/tblistener

tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:8640            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      24503/tblistener

 

 

alter system listener delete port 8640;

 

 

[tibero@T1:/tibero/tibero7/config]$ !tbsql

tbsql sys/tibero

 

tbSQL 7

 

TmaxTibero Corporation Copyright (c) 2020-. All rights reserved.

 

Connected to Tibero.

 

SQL> alter system listener delete port 8640;

 

System altered.

 

[tibero@T1:/tibero/tibero7/config]$ netstat -natp | grep tblistener

(Not all processes could be identified, non-owned process info

 will not be shown, you would have to be root to see it all.)

tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:8629            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      24503/tblistener

tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:8639            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      24503/tblistener

 

 

SQL> alter system listener add port 8640;

 

System altered.

 

SQL> quit

Disconnected.

[tibero@T1:/tibero/tibero7/config]$ netstat -natp | grep tblistener

(Not all processes could be identified, non-owned process info

 will not be shown, you would have to be root to see it all.)

tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:8629            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      24503/tblistener

tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:8639            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      24503/tblistener

tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:8640            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      24503/tblistener

[tibero@T1:/tibero/tibero7/config]$

 

 

 

SQL> COL USERNAME FOR A10

 

SQL> COL ACCOUNT_STATUS FOR A20

SQL>

SQL> select username,account_status from DBA_USERS;

 

USERNAME   ACCOUNT_STATUS

---------- --------------------

SYS        OPEN

SYSCAT     OPEN

SYSGIS     OPEN

OUTLN      OPEN

TIBERO     OPEN

TIBERO1    OPEN

HR         OPEN

KL         OPEN

SCOTT      OPEN

 

9 rows selected.

 

SQL> alter user tibero account lock;

 

User 'TIBERO' altered.

 

SQL> select username,account_status from DBA_USERS;

 

USERNAME   ACCOUNT_STATUS

---------- --------------------

SYS        OPEN

SYSCAT     OPEN

SYSGIS     OPEN

OUTLN      OPEN

TIBERO     LOCKED

TIBERO1    OPEN

HR         OPEN

KL         OPEN

SCOTT      OPEN

 

9 rows selected.

 

SQL> alter user tibero account unlock;

 

User 'TIBERO' altered.

 

SQL> select username,account_status from DBA_USERS;

 

USERNAME   ACCOUNT_STATUS

---------- --------------------

SYS        OPEN

SYSCAT     OPEN

SYSGIS     OPEN

OUTLN      OPEN

TIBERO     OPEN

TIBERO1    OPEN

HR         OPEN

KL         OPEN

SCOTT      OPEN

 

9 rows selected.

 

 

----------------------------------------------------

 

#### background worker process 추가

파라미터파일 추가및 재시작

 

##MAX_DB_SESSION_COUNT 추가

##MAX_SESSION_COUNT 보다 작게 설정

## 전체 40개 , 그중에 10개 BGWP로 설정

 

 

[tibero@T1:/tibero/tibero7/config]$ grep SESSION tibero.tip

MAX_SESSION_COUNT=40

 

[tibero@T1:/tibero/tibero7/config]$ grep SESSION tibero.tip

MAX_SESSION_COUNT=40

MAX_BG_SESSION_COUNT=10

 

 

재기동후

 

tibero   26794 26791  0 15:40 pts/2    00:00:00 tbsvr_FGWP000  -t NORMAL -SVR_SID tibero

tibero   26795 26791  0 15:40 pts/2    00:00:00 tbsvr_FGWP001  -t NORMAL -SVR_SID tibero

tibero   26796 26791  0 15:40 pts/2    00:00:00 tbsvr_FGWP002  -t NORMAL -SVR_SID tibero

tibero   26797 26791  0 15:40 pts/2    00:00:00 tbsvr_BGWP003  -t NORMAL -SVR_SID tibero

 

tbsvr_BGWP003 - 잡 스케쥴이 우선 할당됨 잡을 수행 잘될수 있게 확보해준다

일반 사용자 접속은 tbsvr_FGWP000  으로만

 

 

------------------------------------

## 현재 메모리 설정값

 

## v$parameters

## memory_target : 전체 크기

## TOTAL_SHM_SIZE : 공유메모리 크기

 

TOTAL_SHM_SIZE=1G

MEMORY_TARGET=2G

 

SQL> COL NAME FOR A20

SQL> select name, value from v$parameters where name in ('MEMORY_TARGET', 'TOTAL_SHM_SIZE');

 

NAME

--------------------

VALUE

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOTAL_SHM_SIZE

1073741824

 

MEMORY_TARGET

2147483648

 

 

2 rows selected.

 

 

grep TOTAL_SHM_SIZE $TB_HOME/config/$TB_SID.tip

TOTAL_SHM_SIZE=1G

 

grep MEMORY_TARGET $TB_HOME/config/$TB_SID.tip

MEMORY_TARGET=2G

 

## 메모리 크기 조정

전체 3G 공유 2G

 

재기동후

 

SQL> select name, value from v$parameters where name in ('MEMORY_TARGET', 'TOTAL_SHM_SIZE');

 

NAME

----------------------------------------------------------------

VALUE

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOTAL_SHM_SIZE

2147483648

 

MEMORY_TARGET

3221225472

 

-- 공유 메로미 포함된 영역 크기 조회

-- v$sga 에서 조회 가능

디폴드

리두로그 : 10m

데이타버퍼 : 50%

나머지 : 쉐어드케쉬

 

TSM = SGA+데이타베이스 버퍼+리두로그버퍼+@

 

SQL> select * from v$sga;

 

NAME                                          TOTAL       USED

---------------------------------------- ---------- ----------

SHARED MEMORY                            2147483648 2147483648   -- SGA

FIXED MEMORY                             1653435032 1653435032      -- SGA 에서 쉐어드를 뺀용량

SHARED POOL MEMORY                        494014464  184549376    -- 쉐어드 케쉬

SHARED POOL ALLOCATORS (LC)                33554432    1057848

SHARED POOL ALLOCATORS (DD)                33554432     308496

SHARED POOL ALLOCATORS (SLAB)              83886080   80268528

SHARED POOL ALLOCATORS (MISC)              33554432    8664712

SHARED POOL ALLOCATORS (Total)            184549376   90299584

Database Buffers                         1431699456 1431699456       --- 데이타베이스 버퍼

Redo Buffers                               10485760   10485760          --- 리두로그버퍼

 

10 rows selected.

 

 

[tibero@T1:/tibero/tibero7/config]$ free -m

              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available

Mem:           4798         389        2736         636        1672        3489

Swap:          2047           0        2047

 

[tibero@T1:/tibero/tibero7/config]$ free -m

              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available

Mem:           4798         384        2179        1182        2235        2948

Swap:          2047           0        2047

 

 

## 티베로 시작 관련

tbboot 실행 파일 호출

 

[tibero@T1:/tibero/tibero7/config]$ which tbboot

/tibero/tibero7/bin/tbboot

 

환경변수 4가지 , 라이센스파일 체크

여러 실행 관련 파일 체크

파라미터 파일 체크

인스턴스 시작

데이타파일 오픈

 

 

### 환경변수

/home/tibero/.bash_profile

 

# .bash_profile

 

# Get the aliases and functions

if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then

        . ~/.bashrc

fi

 

# User specific environment and startup programs

 

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin

 

export PATH

 

stty erase

 

### User ENV ###

export PS1="[`whoami`@`hostname`:\$PWD]$ "

 

### JAVA ENV - 티베로 툴 사용하기 위한 설정

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/default

export JDK_HOME=$JAVA_HOME

export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH

 

### TIBERO ENV

export TB_BASE=/tibero

export TB_HOME=$TB_BASE/tibero7

export TB_SID=tibero

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$TB_HOME/lib:$TB_HOME/client/lib

export SHLIB_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

export LIBPATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

export PATH=$TB_HOME/bin:$TB_HOME/client/bin:$PATH

export TB_PROF_DIR=$TB_HOME/bin/prof

 

### TBINARY ENV

export TBINARY_PATH=$TB_BASE/tbinary

export PATH=$TBINARY_PATH/monitor:$PATH

 

### TIBERO Alias

alias tbbase="cd $TB_BASE"

alias tbhome="cd $TB_HOME"

alias tbcfg="cd $TB_HOME/config"

alias tbcli="cd $TB_HOME/client"

alias tbscr="cd $TB_HOME/scripts"

alias tbcfgv="vi $TB_HOME/config/$TB_SID.tip"

alias tbcliv="vi $TB_HOME/client/config/tbdsn.tbr"

alias tblog="cd $TB_HOME/instance/$TB_SID"

alias tbi='cd $TB_BASE/tbinary/'

alias tm='cd $TB_BASE/tbinary/monitor;monitor;cd -'

alias tbsql='rlwrap tbsql'

 

---------------------------------------------------------------------

### database files

### tip 의 내용 -->  controlfile

[tibero@T1:/tibero/tibero7/config]$ cat tibero.tip | grep control

CONTROL_FILES="/tibero/tbdata/control_1/c1.ctl","/tibero/tbdata/control_2/c2.ctl"

 

[tibero@T1:/tibero/tibero7/config]$ ls -la "/tibero/tbdata/control_1/c1.ctl"

-rw------- 1 tibero dba 76103680 Sep 20 16:42 /tibero/tbdata/control_1/c1.ctl

 

[tibero@T1:/tibero/tibero7/config]$ ls -la "/tibero/tbdata/control_2/c2.ctl"

-rw------- 1 tibero dba 76103680 Sep 20 16:43 /tibero/tbdata/control_2/c2.ctl

 

 

-- datafile 조회

select name from v$datafile;

 

 

SQL> select name from v$datafile;

 

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/tibero/tbdata/data_1/system001.dtf

/tibero/tbdata/data_1/undo001.dtf

/tibero/tbdata/data_1/usr001.dtf

/tibero/tbdata/data_1/syssub001.dtf

/tibero/tbdata/data_1/KL01.dtf

/tibero/tbdata/data_1/EXAMPLE01.dtf

/tibero/tbdata/data_1/USERS01.dtf

 

7 rows selected.

 

 

--- redo log file 조회

SQL> select member from v$logfile;

 

MEMBER

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/tibero/tbdata/data_1/log001.log

/tibero/tbdata/data_1/log002.log

/tibero/tbdata/data_1/log003.log

/tibero/tbdata/data_1/log004.log

/tibero/tbdata/data_1/log005.log

/tibero/tbdata/data_1/log006.log

 

6 rows selected.

 

 

 

[tibero@T1:/tibero/tibero7/client/bin]$ tbsql -h

Usage: tbsql [options] [logon] [script]

 

options

-------

  -h,--help        Displays this information

  -v,--version     Displays version information

  -s,--silent      Enables silent mode. Does not display the start-up message,

                   prompts and commands

  -i,--ignore      Ignore the login script (eg, tbsql.login)

 

logon

-----

  [username[/password[@connect_identifier]]]

 

script

------

  @filename[.ext] [parameter ...]

 

 

[tibero@T1:/tibero/tibero7/client/bin]$ tbsql sys/tibero -s

 

 

 

quit

[tibero@T1:/tibero/tibero7/client/bin]$

 

SQL> help

 

 HELP

 ----

 Displays the Help.

 

 {H[ELP]|?} topic

 

 where topic is

    ! {exclamation}   % {percent}       @ {at}            @@ {double at}

    / {slash}         ACCEPT            APPEND            ARCHIVE LOG

    CHANGE            CLEAR             COLUMN            CONNECT

    DEFINE            DEL               DESCRIBE          DISCONNECT

    EDIT              EXECUTE           EXIT              EXPORT

    HELP              HISTORY           HOST              INPUT

    LIST              LOADFILE          LOOP              LS

    PASSWORD          PAUSE             PING              PRINT

    PROMPT            QUIT              RESTORE           RUN

    SAVE              SET               SHOW              TBDOWN

    SPOOL             START             UNDEFINE          VARIABLE

    WHENEVER